Encyclopedia entry
Middle Sacral Artery (Median Sacral)
Abstract
The middle sacral artery may deviated from the midline. It may arise in common with one or both of the fifth pair of lumbar arteries, or from the bifurcation of the aorta, or from one of the iliac arteries, more frequently from the left. It often provides, from each side, a large branch (the lowest lumbar artery), which courses backwards onto the fifth lumbar vertebra (see illustration from Tiedemann). The middle sacral artery may also provide an "accessory" renal or, a middle rectal artery. The middle sacral artery may also provide a renal artery in cases of pelvic kidney.
The middle sacral artery may deviated from the midline. It may arise in common with one or both of the fifth pair of lumbar arteries, or from the bifurcation of the aorta, or from one of the iliac arteries, more frequently from the left.
It often provides, from each side, a large branch (the lowest lumbar artery), which courses backwards onto the fifth lumbar vertebra (see illustration from Tiedemann).
The middle sacral artery may also provide an "accessory" renal or, a middle rectal artery.
The middle sacral artery may also provide a renal artery in cases of pelvic kidney.
According to Quain, the middle sacral artery represents, "the caudal prolongation of the aorta of mammals." In addition, Quain states that the arteries lateral branches correspond to intercostal and lumbar arteries.
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Riferimenti dell’opera originale
Elenco riportato come compare nella fonte, senza normalizzazione dei formati bibliografici.
- Anson, B.J., Ed. (1966) Morris' Human Anatomy, 12th ed., The Blakiston Division, McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York.
- Bergman, R.A., Thompson, S.A., Afifi, A.K. and F.A. Saadeh (1988) Compendium of Human Anatomic Variation: Catalog, Atlas and World Literature. Urban & Schwarzenberg, Baltimore and Munich.
- Henle, J. (1868) Handbuch der Systematischen Anatomie des Menschen. Von Friedrich Vieweg und Sohn, Braunschweig.
- Latarjet, A. Testut's Traite d"Anatomie Humaine, 9th ed. G. Doin & Cie, Paris.
- Poynter, C.W.M. (1922) Congenital anomalies of the arteries and veins of the human body. University Studies of the University of Nebraska. 22:1-106.
- Schaefer, E.A., Symington, J. and T.H. Bryce, Eds. (1915) Quain's Anatomy, 11th ed., Longmans, Green and Co., London.
- Winslow, R. (1883) A study of the malformations, variations, and anomalies of the circulatory apparatus in man. Annals of Anatomy and Surgery 7:94.
Anatomical classification
- Systems:
- Cardiovascular system
Content provenance
Adaptation
Adaptation of «Middle Sacral Artery (Median Sacral) — Illustrated Encyclopedia of Human Anatomic Variation: Opus I: Muscular System» by Ronald A. Bergman, Adel K. Afifi, Ryosuke Miyauchi. Source: https://www.anatomyatlases.org/AnatomicVariants/Cardiovascular/Text/Arteries/SacralMiddle.shtml Original work distributed under the CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/deed.it). Adaptation by Redazione AIVA. Changes from the original: Testo originale inglese riprodotto integralmente e riorganizzato nel formato scheda del portale (sintesi, testo, riferimenti), senza modificarne le affermazioni. La traduzione italiana non è ancora stata eseguita, e la pagina lo dichiara. Le figure non sono state copiate: sono collegate alla pagina d’origine. This publication is not approved or endorsed by the authors of the original work.
Licence
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